This paper surveys the most relevant theoretical studies on the relationship between trade, FDI and technology transfer. Its aim is to give an analysis of theoretical models, highlighting their implications for the growth performance of globally integrated economies relative to that of more autarchic economies. The main conclusion coming from the theoretical literature surveyed is that international trade and FDI play a key role in technology transfer and economic growth, but additional research is needed to completely understand the mechanisms driving technology transfer from trade and FDI.